What is the second vertebra called?

The second vertebra of the neck is called the axis. Gray's Anatomy (1918) describes it as the second cervical vertebra.

What it is

  • The second cervical vertebra.
  • Has a peg-like process called the dens (odontoid process) rising from its body.
  • The dens serves as the pivot around which the atlas — and with it the skull — rotates.

Where it is

  • Directly below the atlas.
  • Above the third cervical vertebra.
  • Its dens projects up into the ring of the atlas.

Source:

Last verified: 2026-07-18

  • Best Anatomy Answers is an educational reference about human anatomy. It is not medical advice — for any health concern, talk to a licensed medical professional.

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